KGB Wiki - User contributions [en]

Current events

2007-02-12T00:09:48Z

Aleffert:

{{needs|updated}}

Friday, ??/?? 7:00pm EST, ??? ???? -- [[KGB Digs Its Own Grave]]

Friday, 11/30 6:30pm EST, Kirr Commons -- [[KGB Falls on its Ass]]

Friday, 11/17 7:00pm EST, DH 2315 -- Philip K Dick [[Movie Night]]

Friday, 11/10 7:00pm EST, WEH7500 -- [[Capture the Flag with Stuff]]!!

2007-02-01T04:57:32Z

Aleffert:

Shma Yisrael, Adonai Elohenu, Adonai Molasses

Great Molasses Flood

2007-02-01T04:56:32Z

Aleffert:

[[Image:BostonMolassesDisaster.jpg|frame|Aftermath of the disaster]]
The '''Boston Molasses Disaster''' which is also known as the '''Great Molasses Flood''' or '''The Great Boston Molasses Tragedy''' occurred on [[January 15]], [[1919]], in the [[North End, Boston|North End]] neighborhood of [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] in the [[United States]]. A large [[molasses]] treacle tank burst and a wave of molasses ran through the streets at an estimated 35 mph (56 km/h), killing 21 and injuring 150. The event has entered local folklore, and residents claim that on hot summer days the area still smells of molasses.<ref name=Smithsonian>{{cite journal| last = Park| first = Edwards| title = Eric Postpischil's Molasses Disaster Pages, Smithsonian Article| journal = Eric Postpischil's Domain| volume = 14| issue = 8| pages = 213-230| publisher = Smithsonian Institute| date = 24 November 2004| url = http://edp.org/molpark.htm| accessdate =2006-12-16}}</ref >

== The Disaster ==
[[Image:Boston molasses area map.png|left|thumb|250px|Modern downtown Boston with molasses flood area circled]]
The disaster occurred at the [[Purity Distilling Company]] facility on [[January 15]], [[1919]], one day before the [[Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|18th Amendment]] (which mandated [[Prohibition|prohibition of alcohol production]]) was ratified. January 15, 1919 was an unusually warm day. At the time, molasses was the standard sweetener in the United States; it has now been supplanted by [[high fructose corn syrup]]. Molasses can also be [[fermentation (food) | fermented]] to produce [[ethyl alcohol]] which is used in making [[liquor]] and was a key component in the manufacturing of [[munitions]]. The stored molasses was awaiting transfer to the Purity plant situated between Willow Street and what is now named Evereteze Way in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].

At 529 Commercial Street, a huge molasses tank 50 ft (15 m) tall, 90 ft (27 m) in diameter and containing as much as 2,300,000 US gal (8,700,000 L) collapsed. Witnesses stated that when it collapsed there was a loud rumbling sound then what sounded like a machine gun as the rivets shot out of the tank. The ground was shaking as if a train was passing by.<ref name=massmoments>{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title = Great Molasses Flood| work =| publisher = Massachusetts foundation for the Humanities| date =| url = http://www.massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=19| format =| doi =| accessdate =2006-12-16}}</ref>

The collapse unleashed an immense wave of molasses between 8 and 15 ft (2.5 to 4.5 m) high, moving at 35 mph (56 kph) and exerting a pressure of 2 ton/ft² (200 kPa).<ref name=ooze>{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title = The Great Molasses Flood of 1919| work =| publisher = The Ooze| date =| url = http://www.ooze.com/ooze6/X0024_The_Great_Flood.html| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2006-12-16}}</ref> The molasses wave was of sufficient force to break the girders of the adjacent [[Boston Elevated Railway]]'s [[Atlantic Avenue Elevated| Atlantic Avenue]] structure and lift a [[train]] off the tracks. Nearby, buildings were swept off their foundations and crushed. Several blocks were flooded to a depth of 2 to 3 feet.
<blockquote>
"Molasses, waist deep, covered the street and swirled and bubbled about the wreckage. Here and there struggled a form — whether it was animal or human being was impossible to tell. Only an upheaval, a thrashing about in the sticky mass, showed where any life was... Horses died like so many flies on sticky fly paper. The more they struggled, the deeper in the mess they were ensnared. Human beings — men and women — suffered likewise."
<ref name=DarkTide> Puleo, Stephen “Dark Tide: The Great Boston Molasses Flood of 1919” Page 98. Beacon Press, 2004 ISBN 0-8070-5021-0</ref>
</blockquote>
[[The Boston Globe]] reported that people "were picked up by a rush of air and hurled many feet" Others had debris hurled at them from the rush of sweet smelling air and a truck was picked up and hurled into [[Boston Harbor]]. On that day more than 159 were injured and 21 people and several horses were killed as the molasses crushed and [[asphyxiation|asphyxiated]] some. After the initial blast the molasses choking the wounded people, horses and dogs became one of the biggest problems.
<blockquote>
.... Anthony di Stasio, walking homeward with his sisters from the Michelangelo School, was picked up by the wave and carried, tumbling on its crest, almost as though he were surfing. Then he grounded and the molasses rolled him like a pebble as the wave diminished. He heard his mother call his name and couldn't answer, his throat was so clogged with the smothering goo. He passed out, then opened his eyes to find three of his sisters staring at him<ref name=Smithsonian/>
</blockquote>
===The aftermath===
[[Image:Boston molasses detail map.png|right|thumb|300px|Detail of molasses flood area.
'''1.''' Purity Distilling molasses tank
'''2.''' Firehouse 31 (heavy damage)
'''3.''' Paving department and police station
'''4.''' Purity offices (flattened)
'''5.''' Copps Hill Terrace
'''6.''' Boston Gas Light building (damaged)
'''7.''' Purity warehouse (mostly intact)
'''8.''' Residential area (site of flattened Clougherty house)]]
First to the scene were 116 sailors from the [[lightship]] [[U.S.S Nantucket]] training ship that was docked nearby. They ran several blocks toward the accident. They worked to keep the curious from getting in the way of the rescuers while others entered into the knee-deep sticky mess to pull out the survivors. Soon the [[Boston police]], [[Red Cross]], [[US Army|Army]] and other Navy personal arrived. Some nurses from the Red Cross dived into the molasses while others tended to the wounded, keeping them warm and made hot coffee as well as keeping the exhausted workers fed. Many of these people worked through the night. The injured were so many that doctors and surgeons set up a makeshift hospital in a nearby building. Rescuers found it difficult to make their way through the syrup to help the victims. It took four days before they stopped searching for victims; many dead were so glazed over in molasses, they were hard to recognize. Two who could not be identified were found on the fourth day.

===The cleanup===
It took 133 [[Man hour|man-months]] to remove the molasses from the [[cobblestone]] streets, theaters, businesses, automobiles, and homes.<ref name=DarkTide/> The harbor ran brown until summer. Local residents brought a [[class-action lawsuit]], one of the first held in [[Massachusetts]], against the United States Industrial Alcohol Company, which had bought Purity Distilling in 1917. In spite of the company's attempts to claim that the tank had been blown up by [[Anarchism|anarchists]] (because some of the alcohol produced was to be used in making munitions) it ultimately paid out $600,000 in out-of-court settlements (at least $6.6 million in 2005 dollars).<ref name=StraightD>{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title = Was Boston once literally flooded with molasses?| work = The Straight Dope| publisher = The Chicago Reader| date =| url = http://www.straightdope.com/columns/041231.html| format =| doi =| accessdate = 2006-12-16}}</ref>

United States Industrial Alcohol did not rebuild the tank. The property became a yard for the Boston Elevated Railway (predecessor to the [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority]]) and is currently the site of a city-owned [[baseball]] field.

The smell supposedly lingered for many years; indeed, according to local [[folklore]], molasses left from this disaster can still be smelled on hot days.<ref name=Smithsonian/>

==Causes==
The cause of the accident is not known with certainty; though at the time authorities were quick to blame bomb throwing anti-war anarchists.<ref name=Bcom>{{cite paper| author = Robert Knox| title = The untold story of Boston's Great Molasses Flood| publisher = The Boston Globe| date = 2004-01-11| url = http://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2004/01/11/the_untold_story_of_bostons_great_molasses_flood/| accessdate = 2006-12-16}}</ref>

More likely are the several factors that occurred on that day and the previous days may have contributed to the disaster. The tank may have been shoddily constructed, insufficiently tested, and overfilled. Due to [[fermentation (food)|fermentation]] occurring within the tank, [[carbon dioxide]] production would have raised the pressure inside the tank. The rise in the local temperatures that occurred over the previous day also would have assisted in the building of this pressure. Records show that the air temperature rose from 2°F to 41° F (-17°C to 4°C) over that period.

An inquiry after the disaster revealed that Arthur Jell, who oversaw the construction, neglected basic safety tests, such as filling the tank with water to check for leaks. When filled with molasses, the tank leaked so badly that it was painted brown to hide the leaks. Local residents collected leaked molasses for their homes.

Some claim that given the timing of the accident, the tank may have been overfilled so that the owners could produce as much ethanol for liquor as possible before [[Prohibition]] came into effect. But the [[Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|18th Amendment]] would not become law for another year, and the [[Volstead Act]] would not ban the production of industrial alcohol.

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://www.equistar.com/ Equistar Chemicals, successor to United States Industrial Alcohol (Purity's parent company)]
* [http://www.masshist.org/library/faqs.cfm#flood What caused the great Boston Molasses Flood?] from the Massachusetts Historical Society
* [http://edp.org/molyank.htm The Molasses Disaster of January 15, 1919] Reprinted from Yankee Magazine
* [http://www.bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/this_just_in/documents/03521177.asp An interview with Stephen Puleo, the author of the book above]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20050309220954/www.gcrek.net/media/ Molasses flood site, present-day pictures and list of 1919 inhabitants] (via archive.org)

[[Category:1919 disasters]]
[[Category:1919 in the United States]]
[[Category:History of Boston]]
[[Category:Industrial disasters]]
[[Category:Disasters in the United States]]

[[he:אסון הדבשה של בוסטון]]
[[ja:ボストン糖蜜災害]]
[[no:Melasseulykken i Boston]]

User:Lea

2006-11-22T23:02:57Z

Aleffert:

Lea is [a robot].

Akivamkehrt

2006-11-17T02:29:49Z

Aleffert: correcting factual errors

'''Akivamkhert''' is a type of elbow macaroni rarely seen outside [[Italy]].

[[category:Inside jokes]]
[[category:Cryptozoology]]

Nominating Committee

2006-11-17T02:25:32Z

Aleffert:

The ''Nominating [[Committees|Committee]]'' is an ordinary [[committees|committee]] of the [[KGB]]. The purpose of NomCom is to put forth a full slate of [[:category:officers|officer]] nominations.

The original purpose of NomCom, when the [[KGB]] was much smaller than it is now, was to ensure that there would be at least one person nominated for every position. Because of the current size of the [[KGB|organization]], some have posited that NomCom is obsolete, and indeed that it's detrimental to the democratic process to have an "official slate" (not to mention causing bitterness to those who were not officially nominated). Historically the NomCom slate was always elected in its entirety, which lends support to this view. However, this has not been the case in recent years, indicating that [[KGB]] members may actually have the ability to think for themselves, a proposition formerly thought laughable.

The [[Bylaws committee]] has spent substantial time debating NomCom. In the end, the committee decided to keep NomCom, and its reasons were multiple. First, though the [[KGB|organization]] is currently large enough that there is little worry about filling all of the officer positions, there is no guarantee that this will always be the case. Therefore, NomCom must be maintained against the inevitable waning of the [[KGB]]. Second, the official and secretive nature of NomCom kickstarts [[KGB]]'s [[KGB politics|political season]]. It gets people interested and excited about elections, and this is a Good Thing. Third, NomCom spends substantial time considering who would be ''good'' at the various jobs, rather than simply selecting for populatiry and charisma. Thus, having NomCom make its suggestions is a good thing, in particular because its nominations often motivate qualified people to run who otherwise would not consider it. Finally, because the general body has defied NomCom so frequently in recent years, the concern about sullying the democratic process is diminished.

==See also==
* [[Ed Is A Fascist]]

Ed Is A Fascist

2006-11-17T02:24:29Z

Aleffert: it's true

[[Ed]] is a fascist. This is not a value judgment.

Talk:Nominating Committee

2006-11-17T02:22:57Z

Aleffert:

Last year, the NomCom slate was elected and this article should be changed to reflect that. [[User:Aleffert|Akiva]].

Information

2006-11-16T18:23:15Z

Aleffert:

* [[Bylaws]]
* [[Not The Bylaws]]

Not The Bylaws

2006-11-16T18:22:45Z

Aleffert:

These are not the official (nor the canonical) bylaws of the KGB organization. They are very important.

=ARTICLE I. NAME AND SURJECTIONS=

==Section 1. Name==
The name of the organization shall be [[KGB]].

==Section 2. Objectives==
The objectives of the organization shall be:
* to promote a spirit of fellowship among its [[members]].
* to take an active and positive role in campus life.

==Section 3. No Profit==
The organization shall not be conducted or operated for profit and no part of any profits or remainder or residue from dues, donations, or other sources of income to the organization shall inure to the personal benefit of any member or individual.

=ARTICLE II. DEFINITIONS=

==Section 1. Standing Definitions==
The terms defined as follows shall be considered standing definitions:

===a. Majority===
A majority shall be defined as a number greater then one-half (1/2), or fifty percent (50%), of the total.

===b. Organization Quorum===
A quorum of the organization is required in order to hold meetings as set forth in Article IV, Sections 1 and 2, and shall be either a majority of the voting members or seventy-five percent (75%) of the active members.

===c. Board Quorum===
A quorum of the Board is required in order to hold meetings set forth in Article IV, Sections 3, 4, and 5, shall be a majority of the Board members.

===d. Written Petitions===
All written petitions shall bear the signatures of either ten (10) members, or twenty percent (20%) of the voting membership, whichever is greater.

===e. Member in Good Standing===
A [[members|member]] is in good standing whose [[dues]] are current and whose other monetary obligations to the organization are fulfilled
# within sixty (60) days of the obligation's creation, or
# by the Annual Meeting (as defined in Art. VI, Sec. 2)
whichever comes first unless such obligations are created within seven (7) days prior to the Annual Meeting, in which case clause 2 shall not apply.

===f. Voting Member===
A voting [[members|member]] is a member in good standing who has attended at least one (1) previous meeting.

===g. Mailing===
A mailing may be by physical or electronic means. Such mail must be individually addressed to each recipient, and may not only be to a single central bulletin board or other medium.

===h. Active Member===
An active [[members|member]] shall be a voting member who has attended at least one of the three (3) previous regular organization meetings as set forth in Article IV, Section 1 of these bylaws.

===i. [[Annual meeting|Annual Meeting]]===
The annual meeting is the meeting at which the officers shall be elected for the ensuing year, and at which other significant business is conducted in accordance with these bylaws, and is described in Article VI, Section 2 of these bylaws.

===j. Random Process===
A random process shall be any method of choice which assigns an equal probability of selection to each option.

===k. [[Duck]]===
Anything that looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck.

==Section 2. Provisional Definitions==
All terms not previously defined as standing Definitions shall be defined according to the current edition of MERRIAM-WEBSTER'S COLLEGIATE DICTIONARY.

=ARTICLE III. MEMBERSHIP=

==Section 1. [[Members|Membership]]==
Each individual voting member shall have one (1) vote. Each member shall receive one (1) copy of any notices, publications or other distributed documents of the organization.

==Section 2. Becoming a Member==
Any person whose [[dues]] have been paid to the Treasurer and whose body temperature is above fifty (50) degrees Fahrenheit shall be considered a member. However, the second requirement can be waived for the fee of ten (10) dollars.

==Section 3. [[Dues]]==
Membership dues for the next year shall be suggested annually by the [[Executive Board]] in March, and approved or changed by the voting membership at the April meeting. Dues shall be payable on or before the thirtieth day of September each year.

==Section 4. Termination==
Memberships may be terminated voluntarily:
===a. Resignation===
Any member may resign from the [[KGB|organization]] upon written notice to the [[Recording Secretary]].

===b. Lapsed Memberships===
A membership will be considered as lapsed and automatically terminated if such member's [[dues]] remain unpaid thirty (30) days after the deadline for payment of dues. However, the [[Executive Board]] may grant an additional thirty (30) days grace period to such delinquent [[members]] in exceptional cases. In no case may a person be entitled to vote at any
[[KGB|organization]] [[meetings|meeting]] whose dues are unpaid as of the date of that meeting, or who are sixty (60) days in arrears of other monetary obligations to the organization.

==Section 5. Refund of [[Dues]]==
Membership [[dues]] will not be refunded either wholly or in part for any reason save extreme circumstances as determined by the membership.

==Section 6. Benefits of Membership==
All [[members]] in good standing shall receive all benefits of membership except as stipulated in the bylaws.

=ARTICLE IV. [[Meetings|MEETINGS]] AND VOTING=

==Section 1. Regular Organization [[Meetings]]==
Regular [[meetings]] of the organization shall be held as directed by the Executive Board. Written notice of such meetings shall be mailed to the membership at least six (6) days prior to the date of the first such meeting of each semester by the Corresponding Secretary through the official organization newsletter or by other mailing, as well as upon any change in the announced time.

==Section 2. Special Organization Meetings==
Special [[meetings]] of the organization may be called by the [[President]], or by a majority vote of the members of the [[Executive Board]] who are present and voting at any regular or special meeting of the Board, or by the [[Recording Secretary]] upon receipt of a written petition. Written notice of such [[meetings]] shall be mailed by the [[Corresponding Secretary]] at least three (3) and not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the date of the meeting. Such notice shall state the purpose(s) of the meeting, and no other organization business may be transacted thereat.

==Section 3. Regular [[Executive Board]] [[Meetings]]==
Regular [[meetings]] of the [[Executive Board]] shall be held as directed by the Board, with a minimum of two (2) such meetings per semester. Notice of such [[meetings]] shall be mailed to the membership at least six (6) days prior to the date of the first such meeting of each semester by the [[Corresponding Secretary]] and upon any change in the announced time. Such [[meetings]] shall be closed to non-members of the organization unless the individual(s) should be specifically invited by the [[Executive Board|Board]], in which case the cause for the non-member presence shall be the first order of business, and after which the non-member may be asked to leave the meeting.

==Section 4. Special [[Executive Board]] [[Meetings]]==
Special [[meetings]] of the [[Executive Board]] may be called by the [[President]], or by the [[Recording Secretary]] upon the receipt of a written petition signed by at least three (3) members of the [[Executive Board|Board]]. Notice of such [[meetings]] shall be given to the membership at least five (5) days prior to the meeting. Such notice shall state the purpose of the meeting and no other business may be transacted thereat. In addition, all restrictions in Section 3 of this article shall apply to special meetings of the [[Executive Board|Board]].

==Section 5. Emergency [[Executive Board|Board]] [[Meetings]]==
Emergency meetings of the [[Executive Board|Board]] may be called by the [[President]] or [[1st VP|First Vice-President]] and may be held by phone. Notice of such [[meetings]] shall be given to the officers at least one (1) day prior to the meeting. Any majority decision reached will be entered into the minutes of the next regular [[Exec|Board]] meeting.

==Section 6. Voting==
Each voting [[members|member]] shall be entitled to one (1) vote at any regular meeting of the [[KGB|organization]] at which the member is present. Absentee voting will be permitted only for elections. Absentee ballots must be submitted to all the election proctors at
least twelve (12) hours in advance of the commencement of the [[Annual meeting|Annual Meeting]], and may be submitted by electronic mail or in person.

=ARTICLE V. [[:category:Officers|OFFICERS]] AND REPRESENTATIVES=

==Section 1. [[Executive Board]]==
The [[:category:officers|officers]] of the [[KGB|organization]] shall constitute the [[Exec|Executive board]]. The power necessary for the general management of the organization's affairs shall be entrusted to the Board, except as follows.

===a. Supremacy of the Organization===
The Board shall be subject to the orders of the organization, and none of its acts shall conflict with action taken by the organization, and the organization may countermand any decision of the board by a majority vote, thus opening up the question for consideration by the organization.

===b. Distribution of Funds===
The Board shall not distribute the organization's funds except as directed by the organization.

==Section 2. [[:category:Officers|Officers]]==
The organization officers, consisting of the following, shall serve in their respective capacities both with regard to the organization and its meetings and the [[Exec|Board]] and its [[meetings]].

===a. [[President]]===
The President shall preside at all [[meetings]] of the [[KGB|organization]] and of the [[Exec|Board]], and shall have the duties and powers normally applicable to the office of President in addition to those provided for in these bylaws.

===b. [[1st VP|First Vice-President]]===
The First Vice-President shall be in charge of fellowship and shall actively recruit new [[members]].

===c. [[2nd VP|Second Vice-President]]===
The Second Vice-President shall be in charge of organizing fellowship activities.

===d. [[Corresponding Secretary]]===
The Corresponding Secretary shall have charge of all correspondence pertinent to the [[KGB|organization]] other than the correspondence reserved for the [[Recording Secretary]] and [[Treasurer]]. The Corresponding Secretary shall be the Editor of the organization [[Pravda?|Newsletter]].

===e. [[Recording Secretary]]===
The Recording Secretary shall keep a record of all [[meetings]] of the [[KGB|organization]] and of the [[Exec|Board]] and of all matters of which a record shall be ordered by the organization. The Recording Secretary shall keep a roll of the [[members]] of the organization with applicable information, including attendance at meetings of the general body; furthermore, the Recording Secretary shall carry out such other duties as are prescribed in these bylaws, and shall have the duties and powers normally applicable to the office of Secretary, except for those duties and powers assigned to another officer by these bylaws. In the absence of the Recording Secretary, the duties and powers thereof shall be executed by the Corresponding Secretary, or in the absence thereof, the most senior officer present not presiding over the meeting.

===f. [[Treasurer]]===
The Treasurer shall collect and receive all [[Treasury|moneys]] due or belonging to the organization, and shall deposit the same in a bank satisfactory to the [[Exec|Board]], in the name of the [[KGB|organization]]. The Treasurer's books shall be open at all times to the inspection of the Board, and the Treasurer shall report to the Board and the general [[members|membership]] at every meeting the condition of the organization's finances. At the [[annual meeting]], the Treasurer shall render an account of all moneys received and expended during the previous fiscal year. During the month of September the Treasurer shall mail to each member a statement of [[dues]] for the ensuing year. The Treasurer shall disperse funds as directed by the Executive Board. The Treasurer shall also be responsible for filing all financial forms applicable to the organization. In the absence of the Treasurer, the [[Recording Secretary]] shall record allocations made or debts incurred by or to the organization; however, the Recording Secretary shall not disburse or collect moneys, unless authorized so to do by the Board.

===g. [[Sergeant at Arms|Sergeant-at-Arms]]===
The Sergeant at Arms shall assist in preserving order as the chair may direct, and other duties as set forth in the standing rules of order.

==Section 3. [[:category:officers|Officer]] Requirements==
All Officers of the [[KGB|organization]] shall be voting [[members]] who are [[Activities fee|Activities Fee]]-paying students.

==Section 4. Vacancies==
Any vacancy of an [[:category:Officers|officer]] position occurring on the [[Exec|Board]] during the year shall be filled for the unexpired term of office by a majority vote of all the remaining members of the Board by the second regular [[meetings|meeting]] of the board following the creation of such vacancy.

==Section 5. Recall of [[:category:Officers|Officers]]==
Any officer may be recalled for misconduct or dereliction of duty. A written petition, stating the reason(s) for recall, shall be filed with the [[Exec|Board]]. Written notice of such a petition shall be mailed to the membership. At the next regular [[meetings|meeting]] at least six (6) days after the mailing, a hearing on the matter will be held and a two-thirds (2/3) vote will be required to sustain the recall.

==Section 6. Seniority==
Seniority of offices is: [[President]], [[1st VP|First Vice-President]], [[2nd VP|Second Vice-President]], [[Corresponding Secretary]],
[[Recording Secretary]], [[Treasurer]], and [[Sergeant at Arms|Sergeant-at-Arms]].

=ARTICLE VI. [[KGB|ORGANIZATION]] YEAR, [[Annual meeting|ANNUAL MEETING]], [[Elections|ELECTIONS]]=

==Section 1. [[KGB|Organization]] Year==
The organization's fiscal year shall begin on the first day of September and end on the thirty-first day of August. The organization's official year shall begin immediately at the conclusion of the [[elections|election]] at the [[annual meeting]] and shall continue
through the election at the next annual meeting.

==Section 2. [[Annual meeting|Annual Meeting]]==
No later than the last meeting in the month of December the [[Exec|board]] shall set the date for the Annual Meeting. The annual meeting shall be held in the month of April of each year. At the Annual Meeting the Officers for the ensuing year shall be elected by
secret, written ballot from among those nominated in accordance with Section 4 of this article. They shall take office immediately upon the conclusion of the election and each retiring [[:category:Officers|officer]] shall relinquish all properties and records relating to that office within fifteen (15) days after the [[elections|election]].

==Section 3. [[Elections]]==
The color of elections shall be [[purple]].

===a. Proctors===
For the duration of the [[elections]] at the [[Annual meeting|Annual Meeting]], a set of at least three proctors shall preside and keep order at the meeting. Ballots shall be counted by at least two proctors. Proctors shall be ineligible to run in that year's elections. Proctors shall be voting members of the organization except as discussed in section VI.3.b.

===b. Normal Proctor Selection===
At least two weeks prior to the [[Annual meeting|Annual Meeting]], a slate of at least three consenting [[members]] shall be nominated as proctors at a meeting of the [[Exec|Board]]. A member shall not be nominated if any member of the Board objects. At any meeting of the general body thereafter prior to the Annual Meeting, the slate may be modified or approved by a two-thirds (2/3) vote. At any such time, if it has not yet approved a slate of proctors, the organization may elect to request proctors from an external source with a two-thirds (2/3) vote.

===c. Emergency Proctor Selection===
If, at the Annual Meeting, less than three approved proctors are in attendance, the [[members|general body]] shall again have the opportunity to modify and approve the slate of proctors. If no proctors have yet been approved, after at least two failed votes to approve the current slate of proctors the chair may declare an impasse. In such an impasse, five present members not presently nominated for office shall be selected as proctors by random process; or, if five such members cannot be found, five members from the total attendance shall be so selected, but shall remain eligible for election.

===d. [[Elections|Election]] Procedure===
The election of each [[Officers|officer]] shall be concluded before the election of the next begins, and these elections shall be held in order of the chain of command. Write-in ballots or other invalid ballots shall be considered as abstentions. The candidate receiving a majority of the votes cast for each office shall be declared elected. In the case of an all-way tie, an additional round shall be run. Should the tie repeat, the winner shall be decided by the proctors of the election by random process. Otherwise, candidates shall be eliminated by the following method:

# Sort candidates into tiers of people with the same number of votes.
# Starting with the lowest ranking tier, remove tiers from the running in increasing order of rank until removing another would bring the total number of votes removed above 1/3. If there are no tiers with a number of votes below 1/3, remove the lowest ranking tier.
# If more than one candidate remains, run another round.

The winner shall be announced by the election proctors. Vote totals shall not be announced. The ballots shall be destroyed upon completion of the elections.

==Section 4. Nominations==
No person may be a candidate in an [[KGB|organization]] [[elections|election]] who has not been nominated or who is not a voting organization [[members|member]] in good standing. During the last quarter of the official year the Executive Board shall select a [[NomCom|Nominating Committee]] consisting of four (4) members willing to so serve, not more than one (1) of whom shall be a member of the [[Exec|Board]]. The [[Recording Secretary]] shall immediately notify the committee members of their selection. The Board shall name a Chairperson for the committee and it shall be this person's duty to call a committee meeting which shall be held on or before March 1. Once the first meeting has been held, the membership of this committee cannot be altered by the board. No person who has served on the Nominating Committee will be eligible to run in that year's elections.

===a. Duties of the Nominating Committee===
The committee shall nominate at least one (1) candidate for each office, and after securing the consent of each person so nominated, shall immediately report their nominations to both the [[RecSec|Recording]] and [[CorSec|Corresponding]] Secretaries in writing.

===b. Membership Notification of the Report of the Nominating Committee===
Upon receipt of the [[NomCom|Nominating Committee]]'s report, the [[Corresponding Secretary]] shall on or before April 1, notify each member in writing of the candidates so nominated.

===c. Ad hoc Nominations===
Additional nominations may be made at any meeting after the report of the nominating committee and before the [[annual meeting]] by any member in attendance provided that the person so nominated does not decline when his or her name is proposed, and provided further that if the proposed candidate is not in attendance at this meeting, the proposer shall present to the Recording Secretary a written statement of the candidate's willingness to be so nominated. A voting member may be nominated and run for more than one (1) office, but shall only be allowed to hold one (1) office.

===d. Membership Notification of the Final List of Nominees===
Upon finalization of the nominations and at least three days before the annual meeting, the [[Corresponding Secretary]] shall notify each member in writing of the list of candidates.

===e. Exclusion of Other Nominations===
Nominations cannot be made at the [[annual meeting]] or in any manner other than as provided for in this section.

=ARTICLE VII - COMMITTEES=

==Section 1. Ordinary Committees==
The Board may each year appoint standing ordinary committees to advance the work of the organization. Special ordinary committees may also be appointed by the Board to aid it on particular projects. Such committees shall always be subject to the final authority of the Board.

==Section 2. Revision of Ordinary Committees==
Any ordinary committee appointment may be terminated by the Board upon written notice to the appointee, and the Board may appoint successors to those persons whose services have been terminated.

==Section 3. Extraordinary Committees==
The organization may appoint extraordinary committees to advance the work of the organization. Each such committee has an owner, who must be a member in good standing of the organization. The owner appoints and replaces the chair of the committee as deemed
appropriate.

==Section 4. Ownership of Extraordinary Committees==
The owner of an extraordinary committee is determined by auction, the proceeds of which are payable to the organization. In the event of a vacancy in ownership of an extraordinary committee, the organization may fill the vacancy by auction.

==Section 5. Voluntary Transfer of Ownership of Extraordinary Committees==
The owner of an extraordinary committee may transfer the ownership of the committee to another member in good standing by notifying the Recording Secretary.

==Section 6. Records of Committees==
The Recording Secretary shall maintain a record of the membership of all ordinary committees and of the ownership of all
extraordinary committees.

=ARTICLE VIII. REPRIMAND, SUSPENSION, AND EXPULSION=

==Section 1. Responsibility==
Any member of the organization shall be held accountable for any conduct considered injurious to the organization or its purposes and objectives. The gravity of such conduct shall first be considered at a hearing before the Executive Board. Considering said charges of conduct, the Board may, at its discretion, enforce any of the following punitive actions:

===a. Reprimand===
The Board may reprimand the member for minor offenses, which can include, but shall not be limited to, written reprimand, verbal warning, restitution, or organization service.

===b. Suspension===
For offenses of a more serious nature, the Board may suspend membership privileges of the member for any length of time, up to the next Annual Meeting of the organization.

===c. Expulsion===
Considering the most heinous of offenses, the Board may propose to the organization membership expulsion of the member. The organization shall then vote at the next Regular Meeting of the organization, and the proposal for expulsion shall require a two-thirds (2/3) vote for approval.

==Section 2. Notice of charges==
Any member so charged shall be given written notice of said hearing at least ten (10) days prior to that hearing, and such member shall have the right to be present at said hearing for the purposes of defense.

==Section 3. Appeal of reprimand or suspension==
Any member affected by Section 1, Parts (a) and (b), of this Article, shall have thirty (30) days to appeal said proceedings. Written notice of appeal shall be presented to the Recording Secretary. The Board shall then, in turn, present the matter to the voting membership at the next Regular organization meeting. An affirmative two-thirds (2/3) vote shall be required to sustain the actions of the Board.

==Section 4. Reinstatement==
Any person whose membership is terminated according to Section 1 of this article must present his or her application for reinstatement to the Executive Board for approval prior to being voted upon by the general membership.

=ARTICLE IX. PARLIAMENTARY AUTHORITY=

The rules contained in the current edition of ROBERT'S RULES OF ORDER NEWLY REVISED shall govern the organization in all cases to which they are applicable and in which they are not inconsistent with these Bylaws and any special rules of order the organization may adopt.

=ARTICLE X. AMENDMENTS=

==Section 1. Proposal of Amendments==
Amendments to these bylaws may be proposed by the Executive Board or by written petition addressed to the Recording Secretary. Amendments proposed by such petition shall be promptly considered by the Board and must be submitted to the members with the recommendations of the Board by the Recording Secretary for a vote within thirty (30) days of the date when the petition was received by the Recording Secretary.

==Section 2. Approval of Amendments==
These bylaws may be amended by a two-thirds (2/3) vote at any regular or special meeting called for the purpose, provided the proposed amendments have been included in the notice of the meeting and mailed to each member at least six (6) days prior to the date of the meeting.

=ARTICLE XI. DONATIONS=

The organization may accept donations in the form of money, equipment or other property to be used for the exclusive benefit of the membership, provided however, that all contributions and donations to the organization shall be subject to approval by the Board.

=ARTICLE XII. DISSOLUTION=

The organization may be dissolved at any time by the written consent of not less than two-thirds (2/3) of the voting members in good standing. In the event of the dissolution of the organization, whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, none of the property of the organization nor any proceeds thereof nor any assets of the organization shall be distributed to any members of the organization. After payment of the debts of the organization, its property and assets shall be given to a similar organization or sold and the money donated to a charitable organization selected by the Executive Board.

=ARTICLE XIII. SUGGESTED ORDER OF BUSINESS=

==Section 1. Organization meetings==
At meetings of the organization, the order of business, so far as the character and nature of the meeting may permit, shall be as follows:

# Reading and correction of the minutes of the last regular organization meeting and any special meetings or Board meetings held in the interim
# Reports of officers
# Reports of committees
# Old business
# New business
# Elections (at annual meeting)
# Actual Real Relevant Announcements Pertaining to the Business of KGB as an Organization.
# Open floor

==Section 2. Board meetings==
At meetings of the Board, the order of business, unless otherwise directed by majority vote of those present, shall be as follows:

# Reading and correction of the minutes of the last regular Board meeting and any special meetings or organization meetings held in the interim
# Reports of officers
# Reports of committees
# Old business
# New business

Akivamkehrt

2006-11-16T18:18:18Z

Aleffert:

Edward Paramecium Ryan is a poopy head.

Mao Yisheng

2006-11-15T15:29:50Z

Aleffert:

'''Mao Yisheng''' (January 9, 1896 - November 12, 1989) is an 8 foot tall Chinese man who was coated in bronze and placed on the side of Baker Hall. He had been the first person ever to earn a Ph.D. at [[Carnegie Mellon University]] and is most famous for being an expert on bridges. He was not in [[KGB]], largely because the organization did not exist yet (quite fortunately, for, if it had, the KGB would not be able to make jokes about sci-fi, film noir, or have any [[computer science]] majors, which also did not exist yet). In late 2005 he was exhumed, coated in bronze, and, on April 18, 2006, place on Carnegie Mellon's campus as part of the [[Random art on campus|Random Art on Campus]] campaign.

[[Category:Crytpozoology]]

Stockholm Syndrome

2006-11-14T17:46:16Z

Aleffert:

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV), Stockholm Syndrome is characterized by the following symptoms:
* Runny nose
* Soreness
* A desire to refer to everyone as [[Lars the Large Swedish Man]]
* Arugala
* The Electric Slide
* Metronomes
* Headaches
* A loss of sexual appetite
* A loss of vegetable appetite
* A loss of vegetable parasite
* A loss of vegemite parasite
* A loss of kryptonite parachute

Facts

2006-11-14T17:39:23Z

Aleffert:

Everything you read about KGB is true, even the lies.

Akivamkehrt

2006-11-10T18:17:02Z

Aleffert:

Akivamkhert is the name of the multiple-bodied organism that is represented by [[aleffert|Akiva]] and [[mkehrt]]. The two bodies share one mind, though they will vigorously deny that fact. Also, Ed wants to start an edit war.

[[category:Inside jokes]]

Internal and External Choice

2006-11-10T18:15:29Z

Aleffert: Added a semi and changed Gamma to Delta

{{needs|more cowbell}}

Many beginning students of [[intuitionistic linear logic]] are confused by the difference between [[multiplicative conjunction]] (&otimes;), [[additive conjunction]] (&), and [[additive disjunction]] (&oplus;). This may be because [[intuitionistic propositional logic]] features only two "combining" connectives, conjunction and disjunction. The additional connectives arise from the linear nature of resources in linear logic and, specifically, the difference between internal and external choice.

Suppose that Karl Marx has fifty dollars. With that much money, Karl could buy a nice communist flag to wave, or he could buy a ticket to St. Petersburg, but he cannot do both --- for that, he would need one hundred dollars. As a good party member, Karl is very frugal with the resources of the state! There is a choice involved here, but where that choice is made can be important:
* If Karl makes the decision himself, this is said to be an ''external choice''. Given the alternative, Karl can take the option he prefers.
* However, if Karl gives the money to Vladimir Ilyich to decide, then the result is an ''internal choice''. Karl must be prepared for either a flag or a ticket; he cannot predict which one he will get. Choosing an alterantive at random, or following a procedure which is infeasible to completely analyze, are said to produce internal choices.

An additive disjunction features an internal choice. If Karl has the resource A &oplus; B, and Karl wishes to produce the resource C, then Karl must be able to produce C from whichever of A or B he receives. However, to produce A &oplus; B, Karl must merely be able to produce one or the other. For example, if Karl has a pear, Karl can produce (a pear &oplus; a stable capitalistic society) --- it's quite possible that an internal choice might feature something impossible!

An additive conjunction features an external choice. If Karl has the resource A & B, and Karl wishes to produce the resource C, then Karl must be able to produce either C from A or C from B --- he can use whichever one is more convenient for him and the state. However, to produce A & B from some resources Δ, Karl must be able to produce A from Δ ''and'' he must be able to produce B from Δ.

A multiplicative conjunction features no choice at all! If Karl has the resource A &otimes; B, Karl has both resources at the same time, and he can use them both to good effect. Of course, to produce A &otimes; B, Karl must be able to produce both simultaneously from the set of resources he has.

Classical linear logic also includes a multiplicative disjunction, which captures the idea of having multiple resources which must be used separately; this isn't really distinguishable from multiplicative conjunction in intuitionistic linear logic.

Talk:Internal and External Choice

2006-11-10T18:12:39Z

Aleffert: props to rjmccall

Let the record show that I am enormously happy this page is here. [[User:Aleffert|Akiva]]

Template:Needs

2006-11-09T05:25:14Z

Aleffert:

<div style="float:left;border:solid #EEBBBB 1px;margin:1px;">
{| cellspacing="0" style="background:#FFE7E7;"
| style="font-size:8pt;padding:4pt;line-height:1.25em;" | This article or section needs {{{1}}}.
|}
</div><br clear="all" /><includeonly>[[Category:Pages needing attention]]</includeonly><noinclude>

This template allows in-line todo items on pages, with a message. To use it, write:

:<nowiki>{{needs|je ne sais quoi}}</nowiki>

Which produces:

<div style="float:left;border:solid #EEBBBB 1px;margin:1px;">
{| cellspacing="0" style="background:#FFE7E7;"
| style="font-size:8pt;padding:4pt;line-height:1.25em;" | This article or section needs je ne sais quoi.
|}
</div><br clear="all" />

It also lists the page in the [[:Category:pages needing attention|pages needing attention]] category.

</noinclude>

Defectors

2006-11-09T05:24:05Z

Aleffert:

Whenever a [[KGB]] member leaves the organization, whether it be for greener pastures, a paying job, or simply because they've reached [[escape velocity]], they have turned their back on their [[KGB|people]] and become defectors. [[KGB]] loves its defectors dearly, particularly those who donate heavily to the [[Booth]] [[budget]].
{{needs|directions for getting on the defectors list}}

Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki/Suzuki

2006-11-08T01:15:41Z

Aleffert:

[[Suzuki]]

Best thing about inside jokes

2006-11-07T18:08:56Z

Aleffert: added category

Know what the best thing about inside jokes is?

[[category:Inside jokes]]

Best thing about inside jokes

2006-11-07T18:08:19Z

Aleffert:

Know what the best thing about inside jokes is?

User:Aleffert

2006-10-20T04:28:07Z

Aleffert:

I am Akiva. I used to run this organization. Now I am an unemployed bum.

List of awesome things for KGB to do

2006-10-20T04:23:50Z

Aleffert:

KGB and people in KGB tend to occasionally take on interesting projects in the name of making CMU a more interesting place. These have included covering the fence in astroturf, wandering around with lab coats and Geiger Counters, and offering the denizens of CMU free cups of beef broth.

* Build a treehouse
* place little statues around like different lemmings
* Labyrinth
* Pole dance (very formal dance at the Pole, waltzing, suits, snowboots)
* Put on a play
* Masquerade Ball (no/maybe strippers)
* KGB: The Movie N
* Giant (Fucking) Theremin
* Hacks!
# Hanging Police flag from top of Walking To The Sky
* Fence Hacks!
# Dance party
# Actualllly extend the fence
# Texture the fence (bumps, shapes with latex)
# (Dali-fying)
* Hot-air balloon
* Shit tall enough to violate airspace regulations
* Hire a Clown for an event
* Ball pit
* Performance Art
# Put on a fight
* Date Auction (Auction of fruit in front of Doherty)
* Laser Graphic Projector (feasible?)
* Bigger, weirder posters
# Join the Chalking Club (chalk sidewalk - all of it)
* Build and stock snow forts
* To-scale printouts of Wean and putting it over Hunt
* Scale models of campus
* Flyers/pamphlets
* Give public speeches
* Invite people for talks
* Fake posters/conferences - i.e. meeting of minds (which especially make no sense)
* Icon Garden (moof!)
* Celebrate silly important holidays
* Field Trips - Berry pickings
* Giant statues/mannequin garden
* Stage a revolution!
* Divide KGB into two sides and have some sort of anarchy contest
* Make a barricade out of sandbags and wire (maybe that goes with the revolution)
* Theme dress-up days
* Human chess
* Christmas-light the fence
* The Bat Signal (The Brie Symbol)
* Elaborate mythology built around Tekie
* Train people in...something (martial art)
* Don't Readme/Pravda-to-the-Campus
* Everyone in KGB Gets A $20 Hat
* Membership Cards
* Throw Mardi Gras beads off building
* Insurance Scams
* Huge-monster costumes
* Mural!
* Flash-mob stuff (see Improv Everywhere)
* Fuck with the movie building filmed on campus

List of awesome things for KGB to do

2006-10-20T04:23:07Z

Aleffert:

List of awesome things for KGB to do

2006-10-20T04:22:36Z

Aleffert:

KGB and people in KGB tend to occasionally take on interesting projects in the name of making CMU a more interesting place. These have included covering the fence in astroturf, wandering around with lab coats and Geiger Counters, and offering the denizens of CMU free cups of beef broth.

* Build a treehouse
* place little statues around like different lemmings
* Labyrinth
* Pole dance (very formal dance at the Pole, waltzing, suits, snowboots)
* Put on a play
* Masquerade Ball (no/maybe strippers)
* KGB: The Movie N
* Giant (Fucking) Theremin
* Hacks!
- Hanging Police flag from top of Walking To The Sky
* Fence Hacks!
- Dance party
- Actualllly extend the fence
- Texture the fence (bumps, shapes with latex)
-(Dali-fying)
* Hot-air balloon
* Shit tall enough to violate airspace regulations
* Hire a Clown for an event
* Ball pit
* Performance Art
- Put on a fight
* Date Auction (Auction of fruit in front of Doherty)
* Laser Graphic Projector (feasible?)
* Bigger, weirder posters
- Join the Chalking Club (chalk sidewalk - all of it)
* Build and stock snow forts
* To-scale printouts of Wean and putting it over Hunt
* Scale models of campus
* Flyers/pamphlets
* Give public speeches
* Invite people for talks
* Fake posters/conferences - i.e. meeting of minds (which especially make no sense)
* Icon Garden (moof!)
* Celebrate silly important holidays
* Field Trips - Berry pickings
* Giant statues/mannequin garden
* Stage a revolution!
* Divide KGB into two sides and have some sort of anarchy contest
* Make a barricade out of sandbags and wire (maybe that goes with the revolution)
* Theme dress-up days
* Human chess
* Christmas-light the fence
* The Bat Signal (The Brie Symbol)
* Elaborate mythology built around Tekie
* Train people in...something (martial art)
* Don't Readme/Pravda-to-the-Campus
* Everyone in KGB Gets A $20 Hat
* Membership Cards
* Throw Mardi Gras beads off building
* Insurance Scams
* Huge-monster costumes
* Mural!
* Flash-mob stuff (see Improv Everywhere)
* Fuck with the movie building filmed on campus

User:Aleffert

2006-10-20T04:06:35Z

Aleffert:

I am Akiva. I used to run this organization. Now I am an umemployed bum.

Current events

2006-10-20T04:05:56Z

Aleffert: added a current event

Friday, 10/20 1:30pm at the fence. We are making it look like a Dali painting. Come help us build melting out of chicken.

Main Page

2006-10-20T04:04:32Z

Aleffert:

<big>'''Welcome to the KGB wiki. We are awesome.'''</big>

Consult the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

== Getting started ==

* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [http://mail.wikipedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce MediaWiki release mailing list]